500 WORDS, Research Investigation Project

In my Research Investigation Project, I will be looking at the gender of teenagers and how it is represented in contemporary British television programmes: My Mad Fat Diary[1] and Some Girls[2] The gender of teenagers is represented in a  number of ways throughout British media: they are sexualised in programmes such as Strippers[3, and are portrayed as untrustworthy and thuggish in films like Kidulthood[4]. However, music videos such as Live While We're Young by One Direction[5] show young people in an entirely positive light, as fun, exciting and sensible with regards to alcohol and the likes.

My Mad Fat Diary (MMFD) is based around a group of sixth form students who are all facing their own problems, from self harm, to sex, to work and family. Main character Rae Earl is "kind and insecure and loyal and rude and over-dramatic and angry, all at the same time"[6]. One summer her eating disorder becomes out of hand and she falls into the trap of depression and self harm, which lands her a place in a psychiatric hospital for the rest of the holiday. The series is set in Lincolnshire in the late 1990's. 

Some Girls is also a series based around a group of sixth form students who have completely different attitudes but still come together as best friends. According to one critique, the programme takes us on a "bumpy journey through adolescence taking in boys, sex, cliques, teachers, heartbreak, fun and even some football along the way."[7]


[1] [1] My Mad Fat Diary, television programme, Tom Kirkby, Benjamin Caron, Anthony Philipson, Luke Snellin, Vanessa Caswill, Alex Winckler, episode ...., 45 minutes.
[2][2] Some Girls, television programme, Adam Miller, episode ....., 30 minutes.
[3]"Strippers." Channel 4. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Aug. 2014.  <http://www.channel4.com/programmes/strippers>
[4] Kidulthood. Dir. Menhaj Huda. Perf. Aml Ameen, Red Madrell. Revolver Entertainment, 2006. DVD.
[5]"One Direction - Live While We're Young."YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 8 Aug. 2014. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbPED9bisSc>.
[6] Cayford, Scarlett. "Have you been watching … My Mad Fat Diary?."theguardian.com. Guardian News and Media, 13 Mar. 2014. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2014/mar/13/have-you-been-watching-my-mad-fat-diary>.
[7] [17]"Some Girls - BBC3 Sitcom - British Comedy Guide." Some Girls - BBC3 Sitcom - British Comedy Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 June 2014. <http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/tv/some_girls/>.

Research Investigation Project

With detailed reference to My Mad Fat Diary [1] and Some Girls [2], discuss how the gender of teenagers are represented in contemporary British television programmes. 

BRIEF SUMMARY FOR CLASS:

• look at specific episodes
• how 1996 teens are represented, how 2013 teens are represented
• how representation of gender has changed, 
• how people treat the genders, 
• so far i have 15 items in my bibliography, including quotes about certain characters, statistics on teenagers and information on how the two genders are represented

MY MAD FAT DIARY
[3] (ABOUT RAE) "kind and insecure and loyal and rude and over-dramatic and angry, all at the same time"
[6] (ABOUT CHLOE) "Rae's attractive, popular best friend from childhood."
[7] (ABOUT FINN) Finn is everything that Rae dreams the perfect guy could be – fit, handsome, and a loves music as much as she does.
[8] (ABOUT CHOP) the joker of the group. Generally crude and uncaring of others' opinions, he is the object of Izzy's affections for the entirety of the first series.
[9] (ABOUT ARCHIE) "Archie is so hot I literally want to wrap myself around his face like an angry, horny octopus. I don't even care that he likes to recite quotes from dead historical figures, I could watch his mouth move forever. When he plays the guitar I cry ACTUAL sex-tears." - Rae
[9] (ABOUT IZZY) happy-go-lucky 16 year-old. She isn't the brightest human to have ever lived though.
[9] (ABOUT LINDA) isn't the best parent in the world, but she really does love her daughter and puts up with a lot
[9] (ABOUT KARIM) He is from Tunisia and is in the country illegally. He hardly speaks a word of English, but that doesn't stop him having noisy sex with Rae's Mum which keeps Rae awake at night.
[9] (ABOUT DANNY TWO HATS) Danny Two Hats is sweet, generous and loves to dispense dating advice. He wears two hats to stop people interfering with his brain waves. Unsurprisingly, a long-term resident of the crazy-ward. - Rae
[9] (ABOUT KESTER) "Kester is moderately cool. On the scale of Damon Albarn to the Spice Girls, he's a Thom Yorke. It's encouraging to have a therapist whose life is as fucked up as yours. The kind of guy who would punch a pigeon in the face for shitting on him." - Rae
[9] (ABOUT TIX) "15 year-old Tix was the girl that Rae hung out with at the psychiatric ward" - Rae
[16] ‘there aren’t enough scripts out there for people who don’t conform to the stereotype’ - Sharon Rooney

SOME GIRLS[17] bumpy journey through adolescence taking in boys, sex, cliques, teachers, heartbreak, fun and even some football along the way.


INFO THAT CAN BE USED FOR BOTH

[4] Statistics also show that hospital admission rates for 5-19 year olds for health problems linked to obesity quadrupled between 2000 and 2009.

[5]In the 12 months to June 2013; there were 13,400 hospital cases where 15-19 year-old girls received treatment for an external cause of intentional self-harm

[10] Many teenagers are tempted to try drugs at some stage in their life, with research showing that as many as 45% will be tempted to dabble in drug-taking of some sort during their young lives.

[11] Meanwhile, teenage pregnancies, though not necessarily teenage sex, have decreased by 13.3 per cent between 1998 and 2008

[12] the proportion of 16- to 24-year-olds that have ever taken illicit drugs has fallen from 54% in 1998 to 38% now

[13] The number of young people aged 15-16 with depression nearly doubled between the 1980s and the 2000s

[14] "Stories, when they appear, portray women in stereotypes, emphasising the importance of women looking attractive and of being a good wife and mother, sometimes backing up support for traditional roles or for promotion of deemed attractiveness with dubious science."

[15] The average woman wears a size 12, the average model wears size 0... 95% of people who have eating disorders are between the ages of 12 and 25. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] My Mad Fat Diary, television programme, Tom Kirkby, Benjamin Caron, Anthony Philipson, Luke Snellin, Vanessa Caswill, Alex Winckler, episode ...., 45 minutes.
[2] Some Girls, television programme, Adam Miller, episode ....., 30 minutes.
[3]Cayford, Scarlett. "Have you been watching … My Mad Fat Diary?."theguardian.com. Guardian News and Media, 13 Mar. 2014. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2014/mar/13/have-you-been-watching-my-mad-fat-diary>.
[4] "Diet health centre." Overweight teenagers. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.webmd.boots.com/diet/guide/overweight-teenagers>.
[5] "Hospital statistics on teenagers: girls predominate in self-harm cases, boys in assaults." - Health & Social Care Information Centre. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.hscic.gov.uk/article/3579/Hospital-statistics-on-teenagers-girls-predominate-in-self-harm-cases-boys-in-assaults>.
[6]"My Mad Fat Diary." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 June 2014. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Mad_Fat_Diary>.
[7] "Ladies Who Need More Love: Rae Earl (My Mad Fat Diary)." Fandom for Equality. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://fandomforequality.com/2014/04/05/ladies-who-need-more-love-rae-earl-my-mad-fat-diary/>.
[8] "My Mad Fat Diary." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 June 2014. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Mad_Fat_Diary>.
[9] "My Mad Fat Diary - Character Guide - British Comedy Guide." My Mad Fat Diary - Character Guide - British Comedy Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/tv/my_mad_fat_diary/characters/>.
[10] "Teenagers: Smoking and drugs."Netmums. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.netmums.com/teenagers/teen-safety/smoking-and-drugs>.
[11]"Teenagers: they don't drink, they don't smoke. What do they do?." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 28 Nov. 1928. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/mother-tongue/9101222/Teenagers-they-dont-drink-they-dont-smoke.-What-do-they-do.html>.
[12] "Is the teen rebel a dying breed?." BBC News. BBC, 10 Feb. 2012. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-19786264>.
[13] "Mental health statistics." Mental Health Statistics. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 June 2014. <http://www.youngminds.org.uk/training_services/policy/mental_health_statistics>
[14] "Five things about women in the press."BBC News. BBC, 12 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 June 2014. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20554942>.
[15] "Portrayal of Women in the Media."YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 18 June 2014. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNIihfK18Ro>.
[16] Woodall, Victoria. "Rising star Sharon Rooney returns for a second season of Mad Fat drama." Mail Online. Associated Newspapers, 25 Jan. 2014. Web. 20 June 2014. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/you/article-2544582/Rising-star-Sharon-Rooney-returns-second-season-Mad-Fat-drama.html>.
[17]"Some Girls - BBC3 Sitcom - British Comedy Guide." Some Girls - BBC3 Sitcom - British Comedy Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 June 2014. <http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/tv/some_girls/>.

Ideas for A2 Research Investigation Project

POSSIBLE QUESTIONS
With detailed reference to My Mad Fat Diary [1] and Some Girls [2], discuss how teenagers are REPRESENTED / SEXUALISED in contemporary British television programmes.

With detailed reference to My Mad Fat Diary [1] and Some Girls [2], discuss how ATTITUDES AND VALUES / GENDER / AGE / CLASS / ETHNICITY is represented in contemporary British television programmes.

With detailed reference to The Breakfast Club [3] and St. Elmo's Fire [4], discuss how teenagers are REPRESENTED / SEXUALISED in 1980's American films.

With detailed reference to The Breakfast Club [3] and St. Elmo's Fire [4], discuss how ATTITUDES AND VALUES / GENDER / AGE / CLASS / ETHNICITY is represented in 1980's American films.




Bibliography:
[1] My Mad Fat Diary, television programme, Tom Kirkby, Benjamin Caron, Anthony Philipson, Luke Snellin, Vanessa Caswill, Alex Winckler, episode ...., 45 minutes.
[2] Some Girls, television programme, Adam Miller, episode ....., 30 minutes.
[3] The Breakfast Club, film, John Hughes, scene ....., 97 minutes.
[4] St. Elmo's Fire, film, Joel Schumacher, scene ....., 110 minutes.

Analyse Print Based Media

MAGAZINE

• Target Audience: girls, 5-13 years old, probably come from C1 and below backgrounds.
• Preferred Reading - target audience, people who are interested in Taylor Swift
• Oppositional Reading - old people who don't know who any of the people are, boys
• Negotiated Reading - parents of readers, teens who know a bit about the people
• This edition of Girl Talk magazine uses a lot of pink which is often linked to young girls and femininity as a whole. 
• The font is fun and would appeal to a young female audience as it features hearts and slang words. 
• The tagline of the magazine is "it's a girl thing!" which again, would suggest that it is aimed at girls. 
• The main images is a picture of singer Taylor Swift who is quite a good role model. She looks completely natural; she is wearing little make-up, has her hair in a natural style and doesn't have fake nails on. Her facial expression is shocked/surprise and she has her hand on her chest, as if to say "what.. me?!". 
• The main cover line would appeal to young people as it uses colloquial language, 'LOLZ', colloquial language is said to be more of a young persons thing. 
• There are a few images of Minions from children's film, Despicable Me, which young children would be drawn to if they have seen the film. 
• There is a small image in the bottom left corner of two girls in the same dress, but wearing it in different styles. This promotes the ideology that how you look is important.
• The Mode of Address is informal, friendly in particular as it talks to the audience personally. You can also work out the mode of address from the colours, fonts and language - they are all fun, simple and engaging.
• Uses and Gratifications: information, entertainment, personal identity

______________________________________________________________________

PRINT ADVERTISEMENT

• Target Audience: girls, 13-25, groups C1 and below of socioeconomic scale, people interested in Zac Efron, those who have problems with their skin. 
• Preferred Reading: target audience, Zac Efron fans, people with skin problems
• Oppositional Reading: older people, people who don't know who Zac Efron is, people who do not need skin treatment
• Negotiated Reading: boys who also have skin troubles, people who know someone with bad skin
• The use of pinks suggest that this advert is aimed at girls as pink is a stereotypical feminine colour
• The fonts are fun and show adolescence as they are not plain and aren't always clear. 
• The background is dark blue and pink fusing together and fading out - this is similar to the nights sky, and this links well to the whole advert itself as it's about an overnight treatment.
• The font is in a thought bubble which are often associated with dreaming; this again links to the idea of an over night treatment. It even says "works while you dream"
• There are stars and a moon on the background which again link to the night time theme
• The advert itself follows a similar style to the actual treatment, as that also has pinks and blues on the bottle/box, and stars and moons. 
• The writing takes up more space on the advertisement than any other element, as it is the main enigma code. If this was seen on a bus shelter in a street, a girl might see it and want to find out more.
• The mode of address is friendly as it addresses the audience. The use of the word "you" makes it more personal and speaks to the audience on a one-to-one level.
• Uses and Gratifications: information, personal identity

_______________________________________________________________________

FILM POSTER

• Target Audience: men and women, 15-30, C1 and below of socioeconomic scale, fans of Zac Efron and other actors.
• Preferred Reading: target audience, people who can relate, people who like comedy films, people who like any of the actors
• Oppositional Reading: older people, people who aren't interested in comedy films, people who don't know any of the actors
• Negotiated Reading: people slightly above/below aforementioned age group, people who know about any actors, people who are interested in comedy
• Use of word 'Battle' suggests that there will be a fight; the way they are standing suggests that it is those on the left versus theses on the right.
• The family on the left are wearing typical young parent clothes, they have their baby with them and are standing as a unit.
• The boy on the left is wearing the latest shoes, has fashionable clothes on and is holding a red paper cup - these are often related to alcohol in American films, he is standing tall with his head in the air as if he is the boss. His arms are bent and pushed back slightly, so he looks like he is ready for a fight.
• The poster is set in the scene of a garden, as there is a fence behind them and they are standing on some grass - this links to the idea of them being neighbours. 
• The fact that is says " in cinemas this may " in quite big writing suggests that it will be a popular film, and it is important for people to remember the name
• The word " bad " is written in bold which suggests that they are very bad, and are more than just neighbours.
• There is a small reference to Facebook at the bottom of the poster which suggests that it is aimed at younger people.
• The mode of address is informal due to the mise-en-scene and the language used
• Uses and Gratifications: entertainment, information, social integration

_____________________________________________________________________

Audience Theories

DEREK - SERIES 2, EPISODE 2

• Target Audience: men and women, 18-40, group C1, D and E of socioeconomic scale, British people.
• Preferred Reading: people who work at a care home or know someone that does. People who have relatives in a care home. Fans of Ricky Gervais.
• Negotiated Reading: people who have a general knowledge of care homes, people either side of the aforementioned age group
• Oppositional Reading: people who know nothing about care homes, and aren't interested in finding out. Older people, as they may find it offensive.
• Uses and Gratifications: Entertainment - escapism, relaxing, filling time. Social Integration - gaining insight into circumstances of others, finding a basis for conversation and social interaction.
• Mode of Address: Familiar and Objective: it is familiar as the character often address the audience, but it is objective as it is displayed in the form of a documentary. 

ARTICLE IN DAILY MAIL

• Target Audience: men and women, 18-40, group D and E of socioeconomic scale
• Preferred Reading: fans of Tyger Drew-Honey, people who are interested in the lives of modern teenagers
• Negotiated Reading: people who know of Tyger Drew-Honey, younger people
• Opposed Reading: people who have never heard of Tyger Drew-Honey, older people, people who aren't interested in this.
• Uses and Gratifications: Information - satisfying curiosity and general interest, finding out about relevant events. Social Integration - gaining insight into circumstances of others.
• Mode of Address: Authoritative - the audiences takes the role of a learner as they are learning about this celebrity. However, the article is based on quite a casual matter, so it could be seen as being informal, too. 

KERRANG MAGAZINE

• Target Audience: 16 - 30, men and women (probably more men), group C2, D, E of socioeconomic scale 
• Preferred Reading: fans of Green Day, people who are interested in alternative music
• Negotiated Reading: people who know of Green Day or are interested in similar music which could be found in the magazine
• Opposed Reading: people who know nothing about Green Day or any of the other artists involved, young people, old people.
• Uses and Gratifications: Information - satisfying curiosity and general interest, finding out about relevant events.

CASE STUDIES

SOME GIRLS

GENDER
This trailer represents girls in many different ways. Viva and Saz mainly represent girls in a positive way, whereas Holli and Amber have a more negative representation. Viva and Saz wear the typical school uniform and wear minimal make-up with their hair mostly natural. However, Holli and Amber tend to mix up their uniform with jackets and loose ties. They also tend to wear more makeup than the other two girls and have their hair differently: Amber has hers down and curly mostly and Holli wears hers up in a bun with a lip piercing. The mise en scene of the girls, especially the clothes, helps to shape our opinion straight away.
Another factor which separates the girls is the diegetic sound. The first diegetic sound we hear is Holli saying "Would you do it with Prince William?', to which Viva responds "Er.. NO!", and the Amber says "Nor would I, he's going well bald.. Although I would get him to buy me loads of amazing handbags". Immediately after the first pieces of dialogue, we separate the group of girls in two. Amber is the stereotypical 'dumb blonde', Holli is the 'chav' and Viva is the sensible one. 

RACE
The trailer also portrays race in a very good way. Viva is quite a typical representation of a 16 year old black girl; wants to succeed in her A-Levels, likes spending time with her friends, lives in a reconstituted family and is interested in boys. Saz is also a stereotypical representation of a Punjabi girl; very smart (both intellectually and appearance-wise), follows strict rules, inexperienced with relationship and very serious. Finally, although Holli and Amber are completely different, the fit the stereotypes of typical white British girls; wild, reckless, like to drink, somewhat silly and very pale.

AGE
The 4 girls generally represent age quite positively: they are all in college, would all like to succeed (despite not admitting it to one another), they are all relatively strong and they like to have fun without going completely over the top. Individually they are positive representations too: Viva - would like to succeed in her A-Levels, Amber - is always there for her friends, Saz - very smart and sensible, Holli - looks after her siblings alone. 

This TV programme is controlled by the directors and producers and is aimed at 16 - 30 year old females in group D and E of the socio economic scale due to it being aired on BBC3 at around 9pm. The dominant ideology in Some Girls is that friends are very important and will always be there for you when times are hard. 

UNSHAVEN ARMPITS ARTICLE
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2600074/Body-hair-natural-NOT-gross-Striking-images-women-unshaven-underarms-protest-conventional-standards-beauty.html

GENDER
This article portrays women in an untypical fashion; although they are still sexualised in the images, they have different features in comparison to the girls we tend to see in the media. The mise-en-scene shows that the women are sexualised through the clothes that they are wearing - in one shot, the woman is in a bath and her breasts can be seen through her top. The poses are quite sexualised but some are rather lighthearted and fun, for example, some of the women are holding their hair up and pulling funny faces. Overall this gives quite a positive representation of women as they are breaking free from the typical look of most women, and fully embracing their natural beauty. 

RACE and AGE
This article is based mainly on British women in their twenties so there is quite a positive representation of young British women, for embracing their natural beauty. However, many of the women are sexualised greatly and their body language suggests that they are sexually available. For many people, this objectification is seen as a negative thing, so this could mean young British people are being represented negatively.

It is hard to tell whether this gives a positive or negative representation of women due to different people having different opinions. Some would see unshaved armpits as a positive thing whereas some would see it as disturbing and unnatural.

This article was constructed by its writer, and it's aimed at people aged 25-50. Although the Daily Mail in general is aimed at both men and women, this article would probably be more appealing to women (it is placed in the 'Femail' section of the website) in groups C1 and D of the socioeconomic scale. The dominant ideology is that natural beauty is the way forward

THE INTOUCHABLES

GENDER
This trailer gives a positive representation of males overall, through the balance of comedy and seriousness. Driss is the stereotypical chav to start off with. He smokes marijuana, wears tracksuits and is on benefits. However this all changes when physically handicapped Phillipe employs him. Phillipe is the stereotypical posh man, despite his unfortunate condition - he lives in a big house with lots of paintings and classical music playing, he wears suits and has lots of people to help him. When Driss becomes Phillipe's personal carer we see a completely different side to him; he gives Phillipe what he wants - no pity. Although he still has his 'chavvy' side of smoking marijuana, stealing and starting fights, as a person his attitude changes and he becomes more empathetic. Although Phillipe is very reliant on Driss, he does as much as he can and wants to help Driss just like Driss is helping him. Overall, there is a positive representation of men through the attitudes and the way they treat each other.

RACE
At the beginning of the trailer, Driss gives a negative representation of Senegalese people as he is claiming benefits and doesn't really care about actually having a job, however, when he is employed by Phillipe he changes almost entirely and begins to give a better representation of Senegalese people. Phillipe gives a mainly positive representation of French people. Although he seems quite snobby and 'stuck-up' he does not care for pity, he just wants someone to treat him like he is normal. The way he is regarding his disability shows that he is a real person with real emotions. Overall, in the end they both give good representations of their race

AGE
Driss gives the stereotypical representation of young people at the beginning of the film as he is smoking, hanging about on the streets, and living off his parents however his attitude changes and he stops being a 'street guy'. When his character changes, we begin to like him more and feel more positively about young people. It's similar to when a young person walks an older person across the road.. But this requires much more patience and commitment. Phillipe also gives the stereotypical representation of old people - he is dependent on others, likes to keep himself to himself, and very wise. Some of these factors may be due to his disability but I believe that even if he was not paralysed, the majority of these would be the same. 

This trailer is constructed by the directors and producers and is aimed mainly at French people aged 16-50 due to the ages of characters involved. It is suitable for people in all areas of the socioeconomic scale due to Driss being 'poor' and Phillipe being 'rich', this means people of all classes could relate and may be interested. The ideology in this is that we shouldn't be prejudiced, we should accept disabilities and let friendship get us through the bad times. 

TEEN VOGUE

GENDER and AGE
This edition of Teen Vogue gives quite a positive representation of young girls, as AnnaSophia Robb looks quite natural and does not conform to the usual standards of being sexualised or domesticated. She looks fun and like a good role model thanks to the clothes, hair and makeup. The main cover line which relates to her talks about her being a TV star - this is a good representation of a young female as it shows that she is doing something with her life rather than being the stereotypical teenager. However, this magazine cover portrays negative ideologies that appearance is all that matters and boys should be interested in you, by using phrases such as 'cool beauty', 'crushing hard' and 'what to wear'. 

This magazine is constructed by the writers and editors and is aimed at girls aged 13-19 in any socioeconomic scale. 

CASE STUDIES (life and death row unfinished)

Life and Death Row - BBC 3
Around one minute into the programme, we are introduced to Heinze via a short piece of text. It states he was "charged with the murders of eight members of his own family". Immediately we begin to dislike this character and words such as 'murder' influence our opinion. However, this is also an enigma code; it makes the viewer want to continue watching so that they can find out the backstory and what caused Heinze to commit such a crime. the next shot soon after is of a man in a small room, sat alone at a table - like the start of the programme, there is a voiceover of someone on the phone to the police - the audience automatically assume that it is Heinze, the man at the table. A few minutes later, there are some close ups of framed pictures. Again, we assume that these images are of Heinze and as an audience, we may begin to feel sympathy for him as we are witnessing him as a young, naïve, innocent child. After we see these images, we are taken back to the small room where Heinze is sat at the table. At first, his body language makes him seem like he doesn't care too much as he seems quite calm, but he then folds his arms on the table and puts his dead down on them. This is typical body language of someone who is tired and upset. While he has his head on the table, there is another voiceover. An elderly woman begins talking about how Heinze was never a confrontational person and this has quite a big impact on the audience as it makes us question whether he is actually the bad person we think he is.
Overall, the audience would have mainly negative opinions of this man due to his past offence and the way he treated his family, however the way his grandmother speaks about him makes us feel slightly more sympathetic. The mise en scene also makes us feel negative as it is mainly set in a courtroom.