Selection
Whatever ends up on the screen or in print, a lot more will be left out. Someone will make a decision about what to include and what to omit. Think about how this affects your feelings on the piece.
Construction
The elements that go to make up the final text will have been constructed in a way that real life is now. Example: Big Brother is edited from 24 hours of footage to make a 45 minute highlights programme.
Focus/Mediation
Mediation encourages the audience to focus upon particular aspects of the text to push us to make particular assumptions and to draw conclusions. In drama we focus on a particular character.
Anchorage
Images without words are open texts, open to many interpretations. Once there are words in the form of a caption, a headline or a description, then the text becomes 'closed' and the audience is told the meaning.
Dominant Ideology
Whose point of view is presented through the text? People in positions of power communicate their opinions and beliefs. A recent example of a dominant ideology: thin = beautiful.
--Ideologies change: there has been a backlash to the thin catwalk models. Those in positions of power control how certain groups of people are represented, if they are.
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